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【英文标准名称】:Industrialcommunicationnetworks—Fieldbusspecifications—Part3-14:Data-linklayerservicedefinition—Type14elements
【原文标准名称】:工业通讯网络.数据总线规范.数据联络层设备定义.14型元件
【标准号】:BSEN61158-3-14-2008
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2009-01-31
【实施或试行日期】:2009-01-31
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:总线系统;总线;电路网络;通信;控制设备;控制系统;控制工艺学;数据通信;数据链层;数据连接系统;数据处理;数据设备;数据传送;定义;数字的;数字数据;数字工程;电子数据处理;电气工程;电子仪器;电子系统;英语;现场总线;制导系统;工业的;工业设施;信息交换;信息处理;信息技术;接口(数据处理);链路层;开放系统互连;OSI;过程控制;过程控制工程;过程控制系统;信号;规范;规范(验收);传输媒质
【英文主题词】:Bussystems;Buses(dataprocessing);Circuitnetworks;Communication;Controlequipment;Controlsystems;Controltechnology;Datacommunication;Datalinklayers;Datalinksystem;Dataprocessing;Dataservices;Datatransfer;Definition;Definitions;Digital;Digitaldata;Digitalengineering;EDP;Electricalengineering;Electronicinstruments;Electronicsystems;Englishlanguage;Fieldbus;Guidancesystems;Industrial;Industrialfacilities;Informationinterchange;Informationprocessing;Informationtechnology;Interfaces(dataprocessing);Linklayers;Opensystemsinterconnection;OSI;Processcontrol;Processcontrolengineering;Processcontrolsystems;Signals;Specification;Specification(approval);Transmissionmedia
【摘要】:ThispartofIEC61158providescommonelementsforbasictime-criticalmessagingcommunicationsbetweendevicesinanautomationenvironment.Theterm“time-critical”isusedtorepresentthepresenceofatime-window,withinwhichoneormorespecifiedactionsarerequiredtobecompletedwithsomedefinedlevelofcertainty.Failuretocompletespecifiedactionswithinthetimewindowrisksfailureoftheapplicationsrequestingtheactions,withattendantrisktoequipment,plantandpossiblyhumanlife.ThisstandarddefinesinanabstractwaytheexternallyvisibleserviceprovidedbytheType14fieldbusdata-linklayerintermsofa)theprimitiveactionsandeventsoftheservice;b)theparametersassociatedwitheachprimitiveactionandevent,andtheformwhichtheytake;andc)theinterrelationshipbetweentheseactionsandevents,andtheirvalidsequences.Thepurposeofthisstandardistodefinetheservicesprovidedto?theType14fieldbusapplicationlayerattheboundarybetweentheapplicationanddatalinklayersofthefieldbusreferencemodel,and?systemsmanagementattheboundarybetweenthedata-linklayerandsystemsmanagementofthefieldbusreferencemodel.Theprincipalobjectiveofthisstandardistospecifythecharacteristicsofconceptualdata-linklayerservicessuitablefortime-criticalcommunications,andthussupplementtheOSIBasicReferenceModelinguidingthedevelopmentofdata-linkprotocolsfortime-criticalcommunications.Asecondaryobjectiveistoprovidemigrationpathsfrompreviously-existingindustrialcommunicationsprotocols.ThisspecificationmaybeusedasthebasisforformalDL-Programming-Interfaces.Nevertheless,itisnotaformalprogramminginterface,andanysuchinterfacewillneedtoaddressimplementationissuesnotcoveredbythisspecification,includinga)thesizesandoctetorderingofvariousmulti-octetserviceparameters,andb)thecorrelationofpairedrequestandconfirm,orindicationandresponse,primitives.Thisstandarddonotspecifyindividualimplementationsorproducts,nordotheyconstraintheimplementationsofdata-linkentitieswithinindustrialautomationsystems.Thereisnoconformanceofequipmenttothisdata-linklayerservicedefinitionstandard.Instead,conformanceisachievedthroughimplementationofthecorrespondingdata-linkprotocolthatfulfillstheType14data-linklayerservicesdefinedinthisstandard.
【中国标准分类号】:M11
【国际标准分类号】:35_100_20;35_160;35_240_50
【页数】:24P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforHeatofCombustionofLiquidHydrocarbonFuelsbyBombCalorimeter(PrecisionMethod)
【原文标准名称】:用弹式量热器(精密法)测定液态烃类燃料燃烧热试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4809-2009a
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.05
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:aviationturbinefuels;bombcalorimeter;heatofcombustion;hydrocarbonfuels;Aviationfuels(heatofcombustion);Bombcalorimetermethods;Calorimeter;Gasturbinefueloils;Heatingtests--petroleumproducts;Hydrocarbons;Intermediateprecisionmet
【摘要】:Theheatofcombustionisameasureoftheenergyavailablefromafuel.Aknowledgeofthisvalueisessentialwhenconsideringthethermalefficiencyofequipmentforproducingeitherpowerorheat.Themassheatofcombustion,thatis,theheatofcombustionperunitmassoffuel,ismeasuredbythisprocedure.Itsmagnitudeisparticularlyimportanttoweight-limitedvehiclessuchasairplanes,surfaceeffectvehicles,andhydrofoilsasthedistancesuchcraftcantravelonagivenweightoffuelisadirectfunctionofthefuel''smassheatofcombustionanditsdensity.Thevolumetricheatofcombustion,thatis,theheatofcombustionperunitvolumeoffuel,canbecalculatedbymultiplyingthemassheatofcombustionbythedensityofthefuel(massperunitvolume).Thevolumetricheatofcombustion,ratherthanthemassheatofcombustion,isimportanttovolume-limitedcraftsuchasautomobilesandships,asitisdirectlyrelatedtothedistancetraveledbetweenrefuelings.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheheatofcombustionofhydrocarbonfuels.Itisdesignedspecificallyforusewithaviationturbinefuelswhenthepermissibledifferencebetweenduplicatedeterminationsisoftheorderof0.2%.Itcanbeusedforawiderangeofvolatileandnonvolatilematerialswhereslightlygreaterdifferencesinprecisioncanbetolerated.1.2Inordertoattainthisprecision,strictadherencetoalldetailsoftheprocedureisessentialsincetheerrorcontributedbyeachindividualmeasurementthataffectstheprecisionshallbekeptbelow0.04%,insofaraspossible.1.3Undernormalconditions,thetestmethodisdirectlyapplicabletosuchfuelsasgasolines,kerosines,Nos.1and2fueloil,Nos.1-Dand2-DdieselfuelandNos.0-GT,1-GT,and2-GTgasturbinefuels.1.4Throughtheimprovementofthecalorimetercontrolsandtemperaturemeasurements,theprecisionisimprovedoverthatofTestMethodD240.1.5ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.6Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Forspecificwarningstatements,seeSection7,10.6,A1.7.1andAnnexA3.
【中国标准分类号】:E31
【国际标准分类号】:75_160_20
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语